Microelectronics, Oil & Gas

MICROELECTRONICS

Large quantity of high-quality water is required to manufacture the cells used in microelectronics industries. Used as a rinse agent during the various component production phases, water is vitally important in the manufacturing process, whilst having to comply with increasingly strict effluent discharge standards. Cooperating with Aquafine – UV water treatment from US, BWT – Ozone Technology from Germany, and Hydranautics – membrane technology from Japan, Triotirta is ready to help you provide the process water according to your standard.

PRETREATMENT

We offer a comprehensive range of water pretreatment to support your total water treatment design that includes: sand filters, activated carbon filters, softeners, iron and manganese removal filter, customized to your water need.

REVERSE OSMOSIS

Reverse Osmosis technology provides high purity water by forcing water through a semi-permeable membrane and RO is commonly used in microelectonics industry that requires ultra pure water. Supported by one of the world leader of membranes technology, Hydranautics, we are working on your concerns that is associated with the design and operation of RO unit that also includes several saving opportunities that could be achieved through optimizing RO systems. Optimizing RO system itself includes:

• Reduction in energy and water consumption. RO systems are energy intensive. But by optimizing the RO performance, the system can potentially have a lower operating pressure, resulting in less energy consumed. Wastewater treatment costs also may be reduced if there is a reduction in discharge to drain.
• An increased water recovery rate, equating to a reduction in the total amount of feed water entering the system.
• Efficient membrane maintenance and replacement. Pretreatment optimization plays a key role in keeping the membrane clean and efficient, which reduces the frequency of membrane cleaning and extends the life of the membrane elements.

We invite you to Contact TriotirtaCare to get the reverse osmosis design that will suit your microelectronics water system best.

UV WATER TREATMENT

In Microelectronics, Aquafine’s UV systems provide an enhanced, synergistic approach towards the reduction of trace organics and microbial contamination for ultrapure water. In ultrapure systems, UV in combination with ozone provides an enhanced synergistic approach toward the reduction of trace organics. Organics are among the most difficult contaminants to control in a pure water system.

Aquafine^® UV System could be used for:

• TOC REDUCTION

Ultraviolet (UV) systems are used for the effective reduction of organics, commonly referred to as TOC (total oxidizable carbon).  Reduction of TOC is accomplished by incorporating a 185nm UV system appropriately designed and sized as well as strategically located in conjunction with other equipment. Carbon dioxide is a typical by-product of TOC reduction process, resulting in a drop in the resistivity of water. While most organic molecules are oxidized into carbon dioxide and water molecules, other more resistant species become weakly ionized or charged, after absorbing the UV. This is why polishing deionization (DI) beds are typically placed downstream of the TOC reduction units, so that they not only remove the charged/ionized organics, but also restore the resistivity to the water.

• DISINFECTION

A microelectronics water system could have several locations where UV equipment would be installed. Some typical locations of installation would be post-carbon filter and pre-RO (reverse osmosis). When installed downstream of the carbon bed and or directly upstream of the RO unit, a UV system can significantly reduce the microbial counts by destroying at least 99.9% of the bacteria present in the influent stream. Disinfection is also recommended for the process distribution loop and pre-storage tank.

• OZONE DESTRUCTION

Ozone is commonly used in the pre-treatment area of a water system, as well as for sanitizing process and re-circulating systems. Prior to the point-of-use, the residual ozone needs to be destroyed to ensure the process water is not compromised. Because it is a non-chemical, fast acting mechanism, UV technology is the preferred method for ozone destruction. After considering the appropriate variables, a properly sized UV unit can be guaranteed to destroy the ozone to non-detectable limits, insuring the integrity of the process and the product. A  dosage of 90 mJ/cm² is recommended for destruction of ozone residuals of 1.0ppm or less.

• CHLORINE/CHLORAMINES DESTRUCTION

While the addition of chlorine and chloramines to city water may control bacteria levels, they have undesirable effects on the degradation of membrane filtration or RO. Popular methods of removal, such as carbon beds or chemical injection, have proven to be problematic. Sodium metabisulfite involves replacing one chemical with another and creates food for microorganisms, while carbon beds can be inefficient, vulnerable to channeling and provide breeding grounds for microorganisms. UV solves these problems while destroying chlorine, using a small footprint and reducing maintenance costs.

UV and RO in Microelectronics Ultrapure Water System

OIL & GAS

GAS PRODUCTION

With the advent of new horizontal drilling technology, wells are drilled horizontally into shale formations containing natural gas. The wells are then “fractured” using as much as 5 million gallons of water per well.  This process expands the formation increasing the capacity of the well. The water is then either disposed of or disinfected and reused. The cost of disposing of the water is very high as it requires trucking from the site. Traditional disinfection by chemicals is often employed which is expensive and can be hazardous to employees. Disinfection by UV is a chemical free, low cost alternative to biocides or disposal.

Gas wells are sensitive to microbial growth which, if not treated, will plug the gas formation. The UV transmittance of the flow-back water to be disinfected can vary and can be very low pre-treatment with filtration, usually required prior to the UV. Flow-back water systems are typically trailer mounted with the pretreatment systems and the UV.

OIL PRODUCTION

Large volume of water is often used in oil production as well. Water is treated and injected into the well and the oil is displaced to the surface. UV is an effective treatment method for microbial control in injection water for oil production, where Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) growth can cause plugging of the well, reducing oil production. There are a variety of chemicals used in oil production, for many reasons – polymers, biocides, oxygen scavengers, etc. There can be interference between the chemicals limiting the choices and degree of effectiveness. UV adds no chemical interference and is more effective in disinfection than biocides.